{"id":3749,"date":"2023-01-09T10:28:15","date_gmt":"2023-01-09T10:28:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/?page_id=3749"},"modified":"2025-03-19T10:14:14","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T10:14:14","slug":"s-13-c-infectious-diseases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/s-13-c-infectious-diseases\/","title":{"rendered":"S-13.c Infectious Diseases"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00056d;text-transform:uppercase\"><strong>Infectious Diseases<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-huge-font-size\" style=\"color:#74008b\"><strong>Key Notes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-8539ed84d8001262c17613c5902c320a\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83e\udda0 <strong>What are Infectious Diseases?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infectious diseases<\/strong> are illnesses caused by <strong>pathogens<\/strong> \u2014 harmful microorganisms like <strong>bacteria<\/strong>, <strong>viruses<\/strong>, <strong>fungi<\/strong>, <strong>protozoa<\/strong>, or <strong>parasites<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These diseases can <strong>spread<\/strong> from one person to another (contagious).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examples: <strong>Common cold<\/strong>, <strong>tuberculosis<\/strong>, <strong>malaria<\/strong>, <strong>COVID-19<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-f8a336837bb820f5e0c559f40ad67281\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>Types of Pathogens<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">1\ufe0f\u20e3 <strong>Bacteria<\/strong> \u2013 Single-celled organisms (e.g., <strong>tuberculosis<\/strong>, <strong>cholera<\/strong>)<br>2\ufe0f\u20e3 <strong>Viruses<\/strong> \u2013 Tiny particles that need a host to reproduce (e.g., <strong>flu<\/strong>, <strong>HIV<\/strong>, <strong>COVID-19<\/strong>)<br>3\ufe0f\u20e3 <strong>Fungi<\/strong> \u2013 Can cause infections on the skin or inside the body (e.g., <strong>athlete&#8217;s foot<\/strong>, <strong>ringworm<\/strong>)<br>4\ufe0f\u20e3 <strong>Protozoa<\/strong> \u2013 Single-celled organisms, often found in contaminated water (e.g., <strong>malaria<\/strong>, <strong>amoebiasis<\/strong>)<br>5\ufe0f\u20e3 <strong>Parasites<\/strong> \u2013 Live on or inside a host (e.g., <strong>tapeworms<\/strong>, <strong>lice<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-592d5c2f39f5dab31a8c23832a778414\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udd2c <strong>How Do Infectious Diseases Spread?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">\u2705 <strong>Direct Contact<\/strong> \u2013 Touching an infected person (e.g., <strong>chickenpox<\/strong>)<br>\u2705 <strong>Indirect Contact<\/strong> \u2013 Touching contaminated objects (e.g., <strong>cold virus on doorknobs<\/strong>)<br>\u2705 <strong>Airborne Transmission<\/strong> \u2013 Breathing in droplets from sneezes or coughs (e.g., <strong>flu<\/strong>, <strong>COVID-19<\/strong>)<br>\u2705 <strong>Contaminated Food or Water<\/strong> \u2013 Eating\/drinking infected items (e.g., <strong>cholera<\/strong>, <strong>typhoid<\/strong>)<br>\u2705 <strong>Animal or Insect Bites<\/strong> \u2013 Carriers like <strong>mosquitoes<\/strong> (e.g., <strong>malaria<\/strong>, <strong>dengue<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-e67106e3715a1c5a4ec19aa337ff80b4\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f <strong>Body\u2019s Defense System<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">The body fights infections using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Skin<\/strong> \u2013 First line of defense, blocks pathogens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mucus and Cilia<\/strong> \u2013 Trap and sweep away microbes in the respiratory tract.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>White Blood Cells (WBCs)<\/strong> \u2013 Attack and destroy pathogens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antibodies<\/strong> \u2013 Special proteins that recognize and neutralize pathogens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fever<\/strong> \u2013 Raises body temperature to slow pathogen growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-03d9672243dbedf93d39380f10059c9b\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udc89 <strong>Prevention and Control<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vaccination<\/strong> \u2013 Trains the immune system to fight specific pathogens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Personal Hygiene<\/strong> \u2013 Wash hands, cover mouth when sneezing, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Clean Food and Water<\/strong> \u2013 Avoid contaminated food and drinks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Insect Control<\/strong> \u2013 Use mosquito nets, repellents, and prevent standing water.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quarantine and Isolation<\/strong> \u2013 To stop the spread of contagious diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-a1e7d9e23084c6631ad55474e97ba749\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udc8a <strong>Treatment<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Antibiotics<\/strong> \u2013 For <strong>bacterial<\/strong> infections only (e.g., <strong>penicillin<\/strong> for <strong>strep throat<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antiviral drugs<\/strong> \u2013 For <strong>viral<\/strong> infections (e.g., <strong>Tamiflu<\/strong> for <strong>flu<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antifungal drugs<\/strong> \u2013 For <strong>fungal<\/strong> infections.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antiprotozoal\/Antiparasitic drugs<\/strong> \u2013 For <strong>protozoan<\/strong> or <strong>parasitic<\/strong> infections (e.g., <strong>anti-malarial<\/strong> drugs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rest, fluids, and proper nutrition<\/strong> help the body recover faster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-34ea25c091e9036b8b0e7b2287542dfc\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83d\udd25 <strong>Common Infectious Diseases and Their Pathogens<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Disease<\/th><th>Pathogen Type<\/th><th>Example Pathogen<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Common Cold<\/td><td>Virus<\/td><td>Rhinovirus<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tuberculosis<\/td><td>Bacteria<\/td><td>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Malaria<\/td><td>Protozoa<\/td><td>Plasmodium<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Athlete\u2019s Foot<\/td><td>Fungi<\/td><td>Trichophyton<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>COVID-19<\/td><td>Virus<\/td><td>SARS-CoV-2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dengue Fever<\/td><td>Virus<\/td><td>Dengue Virus<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-864c1d844139277172b95b74067d88be\" style=\"color:#000060\">\ud83c\udf1f <strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infectious diseases<\/strong> spread from person to person through contact, air, water, or vectors (insects).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Preventive measures<\/strong> like vaccines, hygiene, and clean environments are crucial.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Treatment<\/strong> depends on the type of pathogen \u2014 not all infections are treated with antibiotics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strong immunity<\/strong> helps protect against infections naturally.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-large-font-size\" style=\"color:#d90000\">Let&#8217;s practice!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordwall.net\/play\/82518\/076\/793\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-60.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-60.png 500w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-60-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-60-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordwall.net\/play\/81562\/955\/903\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-63.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-63.png 500w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-63-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-63-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Infectious Diseases Key Notes: \ud83e\udda0 What are Infectious Diseases? \ud83d\udd0d Types of Pathogens 1\ufe0f\u20e3 Bacteria \u2013 Single-celled organisms (e.g., tuberculosis, cholera)2\ufe0f\u20e3 Viruses \u2013 Tiny particles that need a host to reproduce (e.g., flu, HIV, COVID-19)3\ufe0f\u20e3 Fungi \u2013 Can cause infections on the skin or inside the body (e.g., athlete&#8217;s foot, ringworm)4\ufe0f\u20e3 Protozoa \u2013 Single-celled organisms,<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/s-13-c-infectious-diseases\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;S-13.c Infectious Diseases&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3749","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3749","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3749"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3749\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16601,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3749\/revisions\/16601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3749"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}