{"id":3651,"date":"2023-01-09T10:10:32","date_gmt":"2023-01-09T10:10:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/?page_id=3651"},"modified":"2025-01-06T17:14:59","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T17:14:59","slug":"s-4-a-charged-particles-in-matter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/s-4-a-charged-particles-in-matter\/","title":{"rendered":"S-4.a Charged Particles In Matter"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00056d;text-transform:uppercase\"><strong>Charged Particles In Matter<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-huge-font-size\" style=\"color:#74008b\"><strong>Key Notes :-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-88d2d223f512c2d3e24eda512acec0e3\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Basic Concept of Charged Particles<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms, which are composed of charged particles: <strong>protons, neutrons,<\/strong> and <strong>electrons<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protons<\/strong> have a positive charge (+), <strong>electrons<\/strong> have a negative charge (-), and <strong>neutrons<\/strong> are neutral (no charge).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-2e1e90b29a6492d1e4896444bc613c2a\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Structure of the Atom<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"186\" src=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15847\" srcset=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-10.png 400w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-10-300x140.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nucleus<\/strong>: The central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electron Cloud<\/strong>: Electrons move around the nucleus in orbits or energy levels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Atoms are usually electrically <strong>neutral<\/strong> because the number of protons equals the number of electrons.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-3554c84c4330fe42a1e1eeb15a274812\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Ions: Charged Atoms<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>When an atom <strong>loses or gains electrons<\/strong>, it becomes an ion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cations<\/strong>: Positively charged ions formed when an atom <strong>loses electrons<\/strong> (e.g., Na\u207a).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Anions<\/strong>: Negatively charged ions formed when an atom <strong>gains electrons<\/strong> (e.g., Cl\u207b).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-6ac46ee15e164514770338346522e12b\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Formation of Ions<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Atoms form ions to achieve a stable electronic configuration, often resembling the nearest noble gas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For example, sodium (Na) loses one electron to become Na\u207a, and chlorine (Cl) gains one electron to become Cl\u207b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-361849415a976e29460f54e6f694cd94\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Electrical Nature of Matter<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Even though matter appears neutral, it contains <strong>charged particles<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Friction, conduction,<\/strong> or <strong>induction<\/strong> can cause electrons to move, leading to the development of charge on objects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-649c7f05d0a222b6146848dafc782d50\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Conductors and Insulators<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Conductors<\/strong> (like metals) allow free movement of electrons, enabling electric current flow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Insulators<\/strong> (like rubber and plastic) do not allow free movement of electrons, preventing electric current flow.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-bca8a43dfd0e323dbd6a6c98d293608f\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Electrostatic Force<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Like charges repel<\/strong> each other, while <strong>opposite charges attract<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This force plays a crucial role in the behavior of charged particles in matter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-7e3aa09a40469edec29db3d35bc84ae0\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Applications in Daily Life<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Static electricity<\/strong> observed when rubbing materials like wool and plastic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Batteries<\/strong> work on the principle of charge separation and movement of electrons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electroplating<\/strong> and <strong>electrolysis<\/strong> involve the movement of charged particles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-02aca23a939f52fbcd5aa2644e4d2dd4\" style=\"color:#000060;background-color:#dfc816\"><strong>Significance in Chemical Reactions<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>The formation of ions is essential in reactions like <strong>ionic bonding<\/strong>, where cations and anions attract to form compounds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For example, Na\u207a and Cl\u207b combine to form <strong>sodium chloride (NaCl)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-large-font-size\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#d90000\">Let&#8217;s practice!<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordwall.net\/play\/76012\/679\/286\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-15.png 500w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-15-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-2-15-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordwall.net\/play\/76019\/883\/236\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-16.png 500w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-16-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Worksheet-1-1-1-16-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Charged Particles In Matter Key Notes :- Basic Concept of Charged Particles: Structure of the Atom: Ions: Charged Atoms: Formation of Ions: Electrical Nature of Matter: Conductors and Insulators: Electrostatic Force: Applications in Daily Life: Significance in Chemical Reactions: Let&#8217;s practice!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3651","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3651"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16342,"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3651\/revisions\/16342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/9thclass.deltapublications.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}